Larvicidal and Histopathological Effects of Andrographis paniculata Leaf Extract against Culex quinquefasciatus Larva
Keywords:
Leaf, Andrographis paniculata, Culex quinquefasciatus, Mosquito, Larva, HistologyAbstract
Andrographis paniculata leaf aqueous extract over 0.5, 1, 3, 5, and 24 h were determined to contain the highest amount of total phenolic compound and was used to evaluate mosquito larvicidal properties against Culex quinquefasciatus at varies concentrations (3.125, 6.25, 12.5, and 25 ppm) by determining the median and 90 % lethal concentration, LC50 and LC90, respectively, within 24 h and by histological analysis. The results revealed that the total phenolic compound measurement in each time extraction were 7.97, 8.68, 7.16, 6.70, and 5.78 mg/g GAE, respectively. The one hour aqueous extract of A. paniculata leaf expressed the 24-h LC50 and LC90 values in C. quinquefasciatus which were 15.93 and 28.23 ppm, respectively. Dose dependent lesions were observed. Under histological analysis, midgut lesions, i.e., separation of the epithelial cells from the basement membrane, elongation protruding into the lumen, disruption of the brush border, and the appearance of several vesicles and cytoplasm masses were observed in this study. The present study reveals that the aqueous extract of this leaf has a suitable property for a larvicidal natural product, and may replace harmful chemical pesticides.
doi:10.14456/WJST.2016.14
Downloads
Metrics
References
World Health Organization. Report of the WHO in Formal Consultation on the Evaluation and on the End Testing of Insecticides. CTD/WHO PES/IC/96.1 WHO, Geneva, 1996.
A Rawani, KM Haldar, A Ghosh and G Chandra. Larvicidal activities of three plants against filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol. Res. 2009; 105, 1411-7.
F Nikkon, MR Habib, ZA Saud and MR Karim. Tagetes erecta Linn. and its mosquitocidal potency against Culex quinquefasciatus. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed. 2011; 1, 186-8.
IG Silva, VOM Zanon and HHG Silva. Larvicidal activity of Copaifera reticulate Ducke oil-resin against Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Neotrop. Entomol. 2003; 32, 729-32.
C Muthu, AD Reegan, S Kingsley and S Ignacimuthu. Larvicidal activity of pectolinaringenin from Clerodendrum phlomidis L. against Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol. Res. 2012; 111, 1059-65.
KA Fayemiwo, MA Adeleke, OP Okoro, SH Awojide and IO Awoniyi. Larvicidal efficacies and chemical composition of essential oils of Pinus sylvestris and Syzygium aromaticum against mosquitoes. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed. 2014; 4, 30-4.
F Manzoor, KB Samreen and Z Parven. Larvicidal activity of essential oils against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Anim. Plant Sci. 2013; 23, 420-4.
RM Almehmadi and AA Alkhalaf. Larvicidal and histological effects of Melia azedarach extract on Culex quinquefasciatus Say larvae (Diptera: Culicidae). J. King Saud Univ. Sci. 2010; 22, 77-85.
AM Elimam, KH Elmalik and FS Ali. Efficacy of leaves extract of Calotropis procera Ait. (Asclepiadaceae) in controlling Anopheles arabiensis and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 2009; 16, 95-100.
M Kjanijou, K Jiraungkoorskul, P Kosai and W Jiraungkoorskul. Effect of Murraya paniculata leaf extract against Culex quinquefasciatus larva. Asian J. Biol. Sci. 2012; 5, 201-8.
VK Dua, VP Ojha, R Roy, BC Joshi, N Valecha, C Usha Devi, MC Bhatnagar, VP Sharma and SK Subbarao. Anti-malarial activity of some xanthones isolated from the roots of Andrographis paniculata. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2004; 95, 247-51.
CV Chandrasekaran, P Thiyagarajan, HB Deepak and A Agarwal. In vitro modulation of LPS/calcimycin induced inflammatory and allergic mediators by pure compounds of Andrographis paniculata (King of bitters) extract. Int. Immunopharmacol. 2011; 11, 79-84.
AW Augustine, A Narasimhan, M Vishwanathan and B Karundevi. Evaluation of antidiabetic property of Andrographis paniculata powder in high fat and sucrose-induced type-2 diabetic adult male rat. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Dis. 2014; 4, 140-7.
K Sheeja, C Guruvayoorappan and G Kuttan. Antiangiogenic activity of Andrographis paniculata extract and andrographolide. Int. Immunopharmacol. 2007; 7, 211-21.
A Chanthuru, M Munees Prabhu and OS Aysha. Larvicidal and antimicrobial activities of Andrographis paniculata. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci. 2014; 1, 86-9.
VE Anuradha, CA Jaleel, MA Salem, M Gomathinayagam and R Panneerselvam. Plant growth regulators induced changes in antioxidant potential and andrographolide content in Andrographis paniculata Wall.ex Nees. Pesticide Biochem. Physiol. 2010; 98, 312-6.
N Verma and M Vinayak. Antioxidant action of Andrographis paniculata on lymphoma. Mol. Biol. Rep. 2008; 35, 535-40.
RC Saxena, R Singh, P Kumar, SC Yadav, MPS Negi, VS Saxena, AJ Joshua, V Vijayabalaji, KS Goudar, K Venkateshwarlu and A Amit. A randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical evaluation of extract of Andrographis paniculata (KalmCold™) in patients with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection. Phytomedicine 2010; 17, 178-85.
CY Zhang and BKH Tan. Mechanisms of cardiovascular activity of Andrographis paniculata in the anaesthetized rat. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1997; 56, 97-101.
M Yang, J Wang and L Kong. Quantitative analysis of four major diterpenoids in Andrographis paniculata by H-NMR and its application for quality control of commercial preparations. J. Pharmaceut. Biomed. Anal. 2012; 70, 87-93.
G Elango, AA Rahuman, C Kamaraj, A Bagavan and AA Zahir. Adult emergence inhibition and adulticidal activity of leaf crude extracts against Japanese encephalitis vector, Culex tritaeniorhynchus. J. King Saud Univ. Sci. 2012; 24, 73-80.
M Govindarajan. Evaluation of Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. (Family:Acanthaceae) extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus (Say.) and Aedes aegypti (Linn.) (Diptera:Culicidae). Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 2011; 4, 176-81.
S Rajkumar, A Jebanesan and R Nagarajan. Synergistic effect of Andrographis echioides and Cadaba trifoliata leaf extracts against larvae of dengue mosquito Aedes aegypti L. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed. 2012; 2, S1588-91.
M Govindarajan and R Sivakumar. Mosquito adulticidal and repellent activities of botanical extracts against malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 2011; 4, 941-7.
S Sirimongkolvorakul, W Jiraungkoorskul, T Tansatit, N Preyavichyapugdee, P Kosai and K Uakulwarawat. Influence of Moringa oleifera on histopathological changes due to lead-toxicity in red-tail tinfoil barb, Puntius altus. Fresenius Environ. Bull. 2013; 22, 1946-50.
S Mcdonald, PD Prenzler, M Antolovich and K Robards. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of olive oil extracts. Food Chem. 2001; 73, 73-84.
RE Harbach. The mosquitoes of the subgenus Culex in Southwestern Asia and Egypt (Diptera: Culicidae). Contrib. Am. Entomol. Inst. 1988; 24, 31-5.
R Rattanarithikul, RE Harbach, BA Harrison, P Panthusiri, RE Coleman and JH Richardson. Illustrated keys to the mosquitoes of Thailand. II. Genera Culex and Lutzia. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health 2005; 36, 1-97.
DJ Finney. Probit Analysis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1971.
Statistical Package for Social Sciences. SPSS for Windows. User’s Guide: Statistics Version 18. SPSS Inc. Cary, NC, USA, 2009.
P Pavananundt, K Jiraungkoorskul, P Kosai and W Jiraungkoorskul. Larvicidal properties of Cassia siamea leaf against Aedes aegypti larvae. Int. J. Modern Agric. 2013; 2, 1-8.
J Srivastava, S Kumar and PS Vankarm. Correlation of antioxidant activity and phytochemical profile in native plants. Nat. Food Sci. 2012; 42, 71-9.
M Govindarajan and R Sivakumar. Adulticidal and repellent properties of indigenous plant extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol. Res. 2012; 110, 1607-20.
G Renugadevi, T Ramanathan, PR Shanmuga and P Thirunavukkarasu. Studies on effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) and Andrographis lineata nees (Family: Acanthaceae) extracts against two mosquitoes Culex quinquefasciatus (Say.) and Aedes aegypti (Linn.). Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 2013; 6, 176-9.
WW Chao and BF Lin. Isolation and identification of bioactive compounds in Andrographis paniculata (Chuanxinlian). Chin. Med. 2010; 5, 17-32.
HY Cheung, CS Cheung and CK Kong. Determination of bioactive diterpenoids from Andrographis paniculata by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 2001; 930, 171-6.
N Pholphana, N Rangkadilok, S Thongnest, S Ruchirawat, M Ruchirawat and J Satayavivad. Determination and variation of three active diterpenoids in Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees. Phytochem. Anal. 2004; 15, 365-71.
V Lingampally, VR Solanki and S Sabita Raja. Andrographolide: An effective anti-fertility agent for the control of Tribolium confusum. Asian J. Plant Sci. Res. 2012; 2, 313-7.
VK Verma, KK Sarwa, A Kumar and K Zaman. Comparison of hepatoprotective activity of Swertia chirayita and Andrographis paniculata plant of North-East India against CCl4 induced hepatotoxic rats. J. Pharm. Res. 2013; 7, 647-53.
SN Alves, JE Serrao and AL Melo. Alterations in the fat body and midgut of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae following exposure to different insecticides. Micron 2010; 41, 592-7.
SAB Fallatah. Histopathological effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraceum) extracts on the larvae of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. J. Arab Soc. Med. Res. 2010; 5, 123-30.
RM Almehmadi. Larvicidal, histopathological and ultra-structure studies of Matricharia chamomella extracts against the rift valley fever mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus (Culicidae: Diptera). J. Entomol. 2011; 8, 63-72.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
