Rehabilitation of Abandoned Shrimp Ponds through Mangrove Planting at Nakhon Si Thammarat, Southern Thailand: Investigation of a Food Chain System at a Newly Developed Mangrove Ecosystem

Shigeru KATO; Songob PANITCHAT; Savettachat BOONMING; Viroj TERATNATORN; Noriko SAITO; Toshinori KOJIMA; Tadashi MATSUI; Prapasri THANASUKARN; Kan CHANTRAPROMMA; Sanit AKSORNKOAE

Authors

Shigeru KATO Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-kitamchi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633
Songob PANITCHAT Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Bangkok 10400
Savettachat BOONMING Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Bangkok 10400
Viroj TERATNATORN Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Bangkok 10400
Noriko SAITO Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-kitamchi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633
Toshinori KOJIMA Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-kitamchi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633
Tadashi MATSUI EADS Inc. Tokyo
Prapasri THANASUKARN Thai Union for Mangrove Rehabilitation and Conservation, Bangkok
Kan CHANTRAPROMMA Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161
Sanit AKSORNKOAE Thailand Environmental Institute, Nonthaburi 11120

Keywords:

Mangrove planting, abandoned shrimp pond, food chain, carbon sink

Abstract

The complete food chain system of mangrove plantations on shrimp ponds sites were studied using the stable nitrogen (¹⁵N) and carbon isotopes (¹³C) to complete food chain (web) system studies of mangrove plantations. The analyzed data clearly indicates that heavy nitrogen (¹⁵N) was gradually accumulated during each stage of the food chain system and finally in large fishes. On the other hand, heavy carbon (¹³C) increased only slightly during each stage of the food chain system. The δ¹⁵N values for carnivores were much higher than those of herbivores and omnivores. Carnivores consume nitrogen accumulated fishes and animals as their feed sources. Finally these carnivores gradually accumulate nitrogen in protein forms in their bodies from their metabolic activities. Herbivores eat only plants, whereas omnivores consume both plants and animals (including fishes). Usually, the δ¹⁵N values of herbivores and omnivores are low. This promising data truly represents the food chain system occurring in a natural marine ecosystem. The above analyzed data suggests that carnivorous fishes are at least 4 to 5 steps from the mangrove leaves. Mangrove forests can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gases acting as a carbon sink and a rich biodiversity ecosystem.

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