Structural, Thermal and Surface Properties of a Formulated Sunscreen: Zn/Al-nitrate Layered Double Hydroxide Intercalated with 4-aminobenzoic Acid

Fadhlin Sakina  MOHD RAJIDI; Iman Nur Fathihah Abdul  AZIZ; Mazlina  MUSA; Rozita  YAHAYA

doi:10.48048/wjst.2021.9939

Authors

Fadhlin Sakina MOHD RAJIDI Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Sultan Idris Education University, Perak, Malaysia
Iman Nur Fathihah Abdul AZIZ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Sultan Idris Education University, Perak, Malaysia
Mazlina MUSA Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Sultan Idris Education University, Perak, Malaysia
Rozita YAHAYA Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Sultan Idris Education University, Perak, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2021.9939

Keywords:

Zn/Al layered double hydroxide, 4-aminobenzoic acid, Sunscreen formulation, Intercalation, Skin

Abstract

Intercalation of 4-amino benzoic acid (4-AB) into Zn/Al-nitrate layered double hydroxide (ZAL2) to form Zn/Al-4AB (ZALAB) compound was successfully synthesized from nitrate salt by using direct co-precipitation method. ZALAB compound was confirmed by Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern with a basal spacing of 15.3 Å. The presence of COO^-and C₆H₅NH₂ functional groups of 4-AB at 1,517 and 1,178 cm^–1 in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum reinforced 4-AB intercalated into the resulting compound. Based on the thermal analysis, 4-AB in ZALAB compound was more stable compared to pure 4-AB. Breuneur, Emmet and Teller/Barret-Joyner-Halenda (BET/BJH) analyses demonstrated that ZALAB compound is a mesopores-type IV compound with 4.25 m²/g surface area. This material is an irregular shape with different sizes of particles. ZALAB is a potential sunscreen formulation that minimizes the harmful effect on the skin, improving pharmaceutical technology in the skincare treatment.

HIGHLIGHTS

4-amino benzoic acid (4-AB) is a sunscreen composed of carboxylic and aromatic groups that potentially filter UV-B radiation
Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is known as an ionic clay that is based on the brucite (Mg (OH)₂) -like cations layers containing intercalated charge-balancing anions and water
Intercalation of 4-amino benzoic acid (4-AB) into Zn/Al-nitrate layered double hydroxide (ZAL2) to form Zn/Al-4AB (ZALAB) was synthesized using direct co-precipitation method
ZALAB material has a higher thermal stability compared to 4-AB in pure form

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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