Prevalence and Adhesion Properties of Oral Bifidobacterium species in Caries-active and Caries-free Thai Children
Keywords:
Prevalence, adhesion, biofilm, bifidobacteria, dental cariesAbstract
Several publications have reported the association of bifidobacteria with dental caries lesions, but no data for the prevalence or the adhesive properties of oral Bifidobacterium spp. have been evaluated in Thai children. The objectives of this study were to compare the prevalence of oral Bifidobacterium spp. in caries-active and caries-free Thai children and to characterize the adhesive properties of the predominant bifidobacteria isolated from caries lesions. A total number of 167 strains of oral bifidobacteria were isolated from 50 caries-active and 50 caries-free subjects and identified by molecular biology techniques. The selected bifidobacteria from both groups were examined for adhesive ability, surface properties, and biofilm formation. The prevalence of oral bifidobacteria in caries-active children (48 %) (24/50) was significantly higher than in the caries-free group (24 %) (12/50) (p < 0.05), with total counts of 5.8±0.9 Log CFU/ml and 2.7±0.8 log CFU/ml, respectively. The predominant species of bifidobacteria were B. dentium (82.9 %) (102/123), B. breve (11.4 %) (14/123), and B. longum (5.7 %) (7/123) for the caries-active group, and B. dentium 100 % (44/44) for the caries-free group. All strains of bifidobacteria were able to adhere to keratinocyte cell line in vitro. The adherent strains of B. dentium showed higher total adhesive ability in caries-active subjects (66 %) than in the caries-free group (58 %). B. dentium showed strain variations in the cell surface characteristics of hydrophobic and hydrophilic surface charges. The strains of B. dentium from both groups were able to form biofilm. In conclusion, the predominant strains of B. dentium had high adhesive ability with keratinocytes and a biofilm forming capacity, implying a role in the colonization of oral mucosa.
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