Responses of Leaf Celery to Floating Culture System with Different Depths of Water-substrate Interface and NPK-fertilizer Application

Authors

  • Karla Kasihta JAYA College of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, Inderalaya 30662, Indonesia
  • Benyamin LAKITAN Research Center for Sub-optimal Lands, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia
  • Siti Masreah BERNAS College of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, Inderalaya 30662, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2021.19823

Keywords:

Apium graveolens, Floating culture, Water-substrate interface, Wetlands, Yield prediction

Abstract

Wetland areas in Indonesia cover more than 33,3 million hectares, and slightly less than 40 % is inland swamp. During the rainy season, for up to 9 months annually, the wetlands are flooded, and no conventional agricultural activities can be done by local farmers. However, this condition can be seen as an opportunity to employ floating culture system. The objective of this research was to evaluate responses of leaf celery to floating culture system with different depths of water-substrate interface and NPK-fertilizer application. The results of this study indicated that the depth of water-substrate interface (WSI) should be maintained between 1 to 3 cm. At less than 1 cm, continuous contact between the water surface and the bottom part of the substrate cannot be ensured; meanwhile, aerobic substrate volume was reduced and caused significant effects on growth and yield in celery plants if WSI was deeper than 3 cm. Moreover, the effectiveness of NPK-fertilizer application was weakened if the depth of WSI was at 6 cm. Fresh leaf yield in celery plants harvested at 45 days after transplanting (DAT) can be predicted as early as 3 weeks earlier using the midrib length of the largest leaf or plant height as a predictor measured at 26 DAT.

HIGHLIGHTS

  • Depth of water-substrate interface (WSI) should be maintained between 1 to 3 cm for better growth and higher yield in floating culture system
  • Effects of NPK fertilizer application diminished if WSI deeper than 3 cm
  • Yield of celery harvested at 45 days after transplanting can be predicted as earlier as 3 weeks using midrib length of the largest leaf or plant height as predictor

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

W Kooti and N Daraei. A review of the antioxidant activity of celery (Apium graveolens L). J. Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med. 2017; 22, 1029-34.

NA Golubkina, VA Kharchenko, AI Moldovan, AA Koshevarov, D Zamana, S Nadezhkin, A Soldatenko, A Sekara, A Tallarita and G Caruso. Yield, growth, quality, biochemical characteristics and elemental composition of plant parts of celery leafy, stalk and root types grown in the Northern Hemisphere. Plants 2020; 9, 484.

M Li, X Hou, F Wang, G Tan, Z Xu and A Xong. Advances in the research of celery, an important Apiaceae vegetable crop. Cr. Rev. Biotech. 2018; 38, 172-83.

AK Yommi NN Di Gerónimo, LE Carrozzi, V Quillehauquy, M Goñi and SI Roura. Morphological, physicochemical and sensory evaluation of celery harvested from early to late maturity. Hort. Brasileira 2013; 31, 236-41.

O Leroux. Collenchyma: A versatile mechanical tissue with dynamic cell walls. Ann. Bot. 2012; 110, 1083-98.

D Chen, LD Melton, Z Zujovic and VJ Harris. Developmental changes in collenchyma cell-wall polysaccharides in celery (Apium graveolens L.) petioles. BMC Plant Biol. 2019; 19, 81.

AA Helaly, An El-Refy, E Mady, AK Mosa and L Craker. Morphological and molecular analysis of three celery accessions. J. Med. Act. Plant. 2014; 2, 3-4.

B Lakitan, E Siaga, K Kartika and Y Yunindyawati. Use of Scleria poaeformis as biomaterial in etnoagricultural practice at riparian wetlands in Indonesia. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci. 2019; 25, 320-5.

RB Chowdhury and GA Moore. Floating agriculture: A potential cleaner production technique for climate change adaptation and sustainable community development in Bangladesh. J. Clean. Prod. 2015; 150, 371-89.

KK Jaya, B Lakitan and ZP Negara. Depth of water-substrate interface in floating culture and nutrient-enriched substrate effects on green apple eggplant. Agrivita J. Agric. Sci. 2019; 41, 230-7.

E Siaga, B Lakitan, SM Bernas, A Wijaya, R Lisda, F Ramadhani and M Meihana. Application of floating culture system in chili pepper (Capsicum annum L.) during prolonged flooding period at riparian wetland in Indonesia. Aust. J. Crop Sci. 2018: 12, 808-16.

SM Bernas, A Pohan, SNA Fitri and E Kurniawan. Bamboo floated-cultivation model for upland kangkong (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) in tidal lowland area. J. Lahan Sub-optim. 2012; 1, 177-85.

B Lakitan, K Kartika, S Susilawati and A. Wijaya. Acclimating leaf celery plant (Apium graveolens) via bottom wet culture for increasing its adaptability to tropical riparian wetland ecosystem. Biodivers. J. Biol. Divers. 2021; 22, 320-8.

V Toorn. Methods to improve celery (Apium Graveolens L.) seed quality. Acta Hort. 1990; 267, 175-82.

K Weitbrecht, K Müller and G Leubner-Metzger. First off, the mark: Early seed germination. J. Exp. Bot. 2011; 62, 3289-309.

B Lakitan and E Siaga. 2019, Floating raft constructed using used plastic bottle for rice seedling preparation. Granted Patent IDP000065141.

L Dinca, O Badea, G Guiman, C Braga, V Crisan, V Greavu, G Murariu, and L Georgescu. Monitoring of soil moisture in long-term ecological research (LTER) sites of Romanian Carpathians. Ann. For. Res. 2018; 61, 171-88.

X Gao, P Wu, X Zhao, Y Shi, J Wang and B Zhang. Soil moisture variability along transects over a well-developed gully in the Loess Plateau, China. Catena 2011; 87, 357-67.

Y Cheng, W Yang, H Zhan, Q Jiang, M Shi, Y Wang, X Li and Z Xin. On change of soil moisture distribution with vegetation reconstruction in Mu Us sandy land of China with newly designed lysimeter. Front. Plant Sci. 2021; 12, 609529.

Q Zhu and H Lin. Influences of soil, terrain, and crop growth on soil moisture variation from transect to farm scales. Geoderma 2011; 163, 45-54.

MA Kader, M Senge, MA Mojid and K Nakamura. Mulching type-induced soil moisture and temperature regimes and water use efficiency of soybean under rain-fed condition in central Japan. Int. Soil Water Conserv. Res. 2017; 5, 302-8.

U Burbaum and I Sass. Physics of adhesion of soils to solid surfaces. Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ. 2017; 76, 1097-105.

C Hulin and L Mercury. Capillarity-driven supersolubility in dual-porosity systems. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2019; 252, 1-268.

F Megaloudi. Wild and cultivated vegetables, herbs and spices in Greek antiquity (900 BC to 400 BC). Environ. Archaeol. 2005; 10, 73-82.

T Colombi, LC Torres, A Walter and T Keller. Feedbacks between soil penetration resistance, root architecture and water uptake limit water accessibility and crop growth: A vicious circle. Sci. Total Environ. 2018; 626, 1026-35.

T Yang, Y Wang, S Teotia, Z Zhang and G Tang. The making of leaves: How small RNA networks modulate leaf development. Front. Plant Sci. 2018; 9, 824.

B Lakitan, LI Widuri and M Meihana. Simplifying procedure for a non-destructive, inexpensive, yet accurate trifoliate leaf area estimation in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). J. Appl. Hort. 2017; 19, 15-21.

ZA Ahmed. Effect of NPK and bio fertilization on growth and oil yield of celery (Apium graveolens L.) and dill (Anethum graveolens L.) plants. J. Plant Prod. 2017; 8, 247-51.

AS Navarro, JAS Romero, MDCS Sanjuan, MAB Bernardeau and MJD Iniesta. Medium-term influence of organic fertilization on the quality and yield of a celery crop. Agronomy 2020; 10, 1418A.

Tanwar, K Yadav, K Prasad and A Aggarwal. Biological amendments on growth, nutritional quality, and yield of celery. Int. J. Veg. Sci. 2013; 19, 228-39.

W Niu, Q Zhang, B Cui, X Gu, L Guo, and B Liang. Effects of nitrogen on soil microbial abundance, enzyme activity, and nitrogen use efficiency in greenhouse celery under aerated irrigation. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 2018; 82, 606-13.

D Shen, L Chen, X Lu, J Tao, G Feng, J Liu, K Feng, L Yin, X Ding, L Jia, Z Xu, H Liu and A Xiong. Resources evaluation of 29 celery varieties for autumn-winter cultivation in southern Jiangsu. Acta Agric. Zhejiangensis 2020; 32, 653-60.

AH Jarwar, X Wang, MS Iqbal, Z Sarfraz, L Wang, Q Ma and F Shuli. Genetic divergence on the basis of principal component, correlation and cluster analysis of yield and quality traits in cotton cultivars. Pak. J. Bot. 2019; 51, 1-6.

N Bisen, CP Rahangdale and RP Sahu. Genetic variability and correlation studies of yield and yield component in maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) under Kymore Plateau and Satpura Hill Region of Madhya Pradesh. Int. J. Agric. Environ. Biotech. 2018; 11, 71-7.

S Bagati, AK Singh, RK Salgotra, R Bhardwaj, M Sharma, SK Rai, and A Bhat. Genetic variability, heritability and correlation coefficients of yield and its component traits in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.). SABRAO J. Breed. Genet. 2016; 48, 445-52.

HH Maleki, G Karimzadeh, R Darvishzadeh and A Sarrafi. Correlation and sequential path analysis of some agronomic traits in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) to improve dry leaf yield. Aust. J. Crop Sci. 2011: 5, 1644-8.

Z Fellahi, A Hannachi, H Bouzerzour, and A Boutekrabt. Correlation between traits and path analysis coefficient for grain yield and other quantitative traits in bread wheat under semiarid conditions. J. Agric. Sustain. 2013; 3, 16-26.

SMN Mousavi and J Nagy. Evaluation of plant characteristics related to grain yield of FAO410 and FAO340 hybrids using regression models. Cereal Res. Commun. 2021; 49, 161-9.

MS Lopes, MP Reynolds, MR Jalal-Kamali, M Moussa, Y Feltaous, ISA Tahir, N Barmae, M Vargasa, Y Mannes and M Baum. The yield correlations of selectable physiological traits in a population of advanced spring wheat lines grown in warm and drought environments. Field Crop. Res. 2012; 128, 129-36.

N Sandhu, SR Subedi, VK Singh, P Sinha, S Kumar, SP Singh, SK Ghimire, M Pandey, RB Yadaw, RK Varshney and A Kumar. Deciphering the genetic basis of root morphology, nutrient uptake, yield, and yield-related traits in rice under dry direct-seeded cultivation systems. Sci. Rep. 2019; 9, 9334.

Downloads

Published

2021-06-11

How to Cite

JAYA, K. K. ., LAKITAN, B. ., & BERNAS, S. M. . (2021). Responses of Leaf Celery to Floating Culture System with Different Depths of Water-substrate Interface and NPK-fertilizer Application . Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST), 18(12), Article 19823 (14 pages). https://doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2021.19823