Physical Activity for Adult Cancer Survivors: A Literature Review

Abstract

Cancer survivors have suffered from the diseases and are a unique medical population with a wide variety of treatment options that put them at risk for both short- and long-term side effects. Physical activity is one of the healthy behaviours which can decrease suffering and improve health quality. This article reviews the evidence-based data about the benefits of physical activity, a physical activity programme, and precautions and special considerations of physical activity among adult cancer survivors. The current evidence supports the view that cancer survivors get physiological and psychological benefits from physical activity. Aerobic and resistance training activities are main components of physical activity for cancer survivors during and after treatment. However, cancer survivors need cancer-specific approaches and individualised physical activity or exercise programmes to decrease the risk of injuries and complications. In summary, cancer survivors should do enough physical activity and avoid inactivity, depending on their health conditions. Most studies in this field have been done in breast, prostate, colon, haematologic, and gynaecologic cancer survivors. The knowledge in other types of cancers is still required.