Biohydrogen Production from Xylose by Aanaerobic Mixed Cultures in Elephant Dung

Khanittha FIALA; Maturos PHABJANDA; Panee MANEECHOM

Authors

Khanittha FIALA Research Group for Development of Microbial Hydrogen Production Process from Biomass, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002
Maturos PHABJANDA Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002
Panee MANEECHOM Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002

Keywords:

Hydrogen production, xylose, elephant dung, anaerobic fermentation

Abstract

Xylose was used to produce hydrogen by anaerobic mixed cultures in elephant dung. The elephant dung was subjected to heat shock (90 ºC for 3 h) and acid (pH 3.0 - 4.0 for 24 h followed by neutralization) pretreatments before using it as a seed inoculum. The results showed that the seed inoculum pretreatment by heat shock produced higher hydrogen gas than acid seed inoculum pretreatment, while untreated seed inoculum gave the lowest hydrogen production. Therefore, seed inoculum by heat shock was suitable for hydrogen production from xylose, arabinose and glucose. It was found that xylose was a preferred pentose sugar for hydrogen production, in which the results were comparable to those of glucose. The initial pH of 8.0 was found to be optimal for hydrogen production from xylose, in which a maximum hydrogen production of 371 mL H₂/g VSS and a yield of 1.62 mol H₂/mol xylose were obtained. Microbial community analysis by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) revealed that, under the optimum initial pH of 8.0, the predominant hydrogen producers were Clostridium acetobutylicum and Ethanoligenens sp. In addition, lactic acid bacteria i.e. Bifidobacterium minimum and Bifidobacterium sp. were observed, which coincided with the small amount of lactic acid detected at this optimum initial pH.

doi:10.14456/WJST.2015.22

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