Diets Containing Fermented Palm Kernel Meal with Aspergillus wentii TISTR 3075 on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Broiler Chickens

Authors

  • Niwat MUANGKEOW Division of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161
  • Charurat CHINAJARIYAWONG Division of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161

Keywords:

Fermented palm kernel meal, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, broiler chicken

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of palm kernel meal (PKM) and Aspergillus wentii TISTR 3075 fermented PKM at various levels on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. Four hundred and thirty-two day old Ross-308 broiler chicks were used in a 2 × 4 factorial in completely randomized design with one control. Two kinds of PKM (unfermented and A. wentii fermented PKM) in broiler rations were used, each at 10, 20, 30 and 40 %. Increasing level of PKM or A. wentii fermented PKM higher than 20 % significantly decreased feed intake and average weight gain also decreased, while feed efficiency declined. Feed intake of growing broilers during 0 to 21 d of age fed with PKM decreased linearly followed by a quadratic response during the finishing period (22 to 42 d of age) while those broilers fed with A. wentii fermented PKM exhibited a quadratic response throughout the 42 d feeding trial. Data show that feed intake and average weight gain response when fed with PKM decreased linearly while when fed with A. wentii fermented PKM it was quadratic and then slowly decreased. The poor performance of the birds fed PKM or A. wentii fermented PKM at high levels might be due to the higher in crude fiber content and the lower nitrogen retention. In the growing period PKM or A. wentii fermented PKM no more than 20 % of the broiler ration should be used while in the finishing period PKM up to 30 % is effective.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Niwat MUANGKEOW, Division of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161

Division of Animal Science,

Charurat CHINAJARIYAWONG, Division of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161

Division of Animal Science,

References

CM Grieshop, DE Reese and GC Jr Fahey. Non starch polysaccharides and oligosaccharides in swine nutrition. In: AJ Lewis and LL Southern (ed.). Swine Nutrition. CRC Press, New York, 2000, p. 107-30.

KE Bach Knudsen. Carbohydrate and lignin contents of plant materials used in animal feeding. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 1997; 67, 319-38.

EM Dusteshorft, MA Posthmus and AGJ Voragen. Non-starch polysaccharides from sunflower (Helianthus annus) meal and palm-kernel (Elaeis guineensis) meal - Investigation of the structure of major polysaccharide. J. Sci. Food Agric. 1992; 59, 151-60.

N Muangkeow and C Chinajariyawong. Determination of true amino acid digestibility and metabolizable energy in fermented palm kernel meal with Aspergillus wentii TISTR 3075 for chickens. Walailak J. Sci. & Tech. 2009; 6, 231-41.

FB Iluyemi, MM Hanafi, O Radziah and MS Kamarudin. Nutritional evaluation of fermented palm kernel cake using red tilapia. African J. Biotech. 2010; 9, 502-7.

NRC. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Revised Edition, National Academy Press, Washington D.C., 1994, p. 27.

TA Scott and F Boldaji. Comparison of inert makers [chromic oxide or on soluble ash (CeliteTM)] for determining apparent metabolizable energy of wheat- or barley-based broiler diets with or without enzymes. Poultry Sci. 1997; 76, 594-8.

PJ Lammers, BJ Kerr, MS Honeyman, K Stalder, WA Dozier III, TE Weber, MT Kidd and K Bregendahl. Nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy value of crude glycerol for laying hens. Poultry Sci. 2008; 87, 104-7.

AOAC. Official Method of Analysis. 18th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists International. Gaitherburg, Maryland, 2005, p. 4, 1-61.

ASTM. Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke. D5865-04, West Conshohocken, 2004, p. 519-29.

RC Damon and WR Harvey. Experimental Design, ANOVA, and Regression. Harper and Row, Publishers, New York, 1987, p. 508.

K Hinkelmann and O Kemptorne. Design and Analysis of Experiments: Volume I Introduction to Experimental Design. 2nd edition, Wiley-Interscience, New Jersey, 2008, p. 631.

S Leeson, L Caston and JD Summers. Broiler response to diet energy. Poultry Sci. 1996; 75, 529-35.

EV Ezieshi and JM Olomu. Nutritional evaluation of palm kernel meal types: 2. Effect on live performance and nutrient retention in broiler chicken diets. African J. Biotech. 2008; 7, 1171-5.

SA Osei and J Amo. Palm kernel cake as a broiler feed ingredient. Poultry Sci. 1987; 66, 1870-3.

SW Yeong, TK Mukherjee and RI Hutagalung. The nutritive value of palm kernel cake as a feedstuff for poultry. In: Proceedings of the National Workshop on Oil Palm By-Product Utilization, Kuala Lumper, 1981, p. 100-7.

P Maliwon. Nutritive value of palm kernel cake and its utilization in broiler rations. Master Thesis, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand, 2000.

T Chauysongkram. Apparent metabolizable energy value and utilization of palm kernel meal in broiler rations. Master Thesis, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand, 2004.

S Panigrahi and CJ Powell. Effects of high inclusion of palm kernel meal in broiler chick diets. Ani. Feed Sci. Technol. 1991; 34, 37-47.

FY Chin. Utilization of palm kernel cake (PKC) as feed in Malaysia. Asian Livest. Mag. 2002; October - December, 16-23.

EV Ezieshi and JM Olomu. Nutritional evaluation of palm kernel meal types: 1. Proximate composition and metabolisable energy values. African J. Biotech. 2007; 6, 2484-6.

SW Yeong. The nutritive value of palm oil by-products for poultry. Proc. First Asia-Aus. Ani. Sci. 1980; 45, 17.

OC Onwudike. Palm kernel as a feed for poultry. 3. Replacement of ground nut cake by palm kernel meal in broiler diets. Ani. Feed Sci. Technol. 1986; 16, 195-202.

B Sundu, A Kumar and J Dingle. Response of birds fed increasing levels of palm kernel meal supplemented with enzymes. Aus. Poult. Sci. Symp. 2005; 17, 227-8.

M Chamruspollert, GM Pesti and RI Bakalli. Dietary interrelationships among arginine, methionine, and lysine in young broiler chicks. Br. J. Nutr. 2002; 88, 655-60.

D Balnave and J Barke. Re-evaluation of the classical dietary arginine: lysine interaction for modern poultry diets: a review. World’s Poult. Sci. J. 2002; 58, 275-89.

D Balnave, J Hayat and J Brake. Dietary arginine: lysine ratio and methionine activity at elevated environmental temperatures. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 1999; 8, 1-9.

M Chamruspollert, GM Pesti and RI Bakalli. Influence of temperature on the arginine and methionine requirements of young broiler chicks. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 2004; 13, 628-38.

B Sundu, A Kumar and J Dingle. The importance of physical characteristics of feed for young broilers. Queensland Poult. Sci. Symp. 2005; 12, 63-75.

OC Onwudike. Palm kernel as a feed for poultry 2. Diets containing palm kernel meal for starter and grower pullets. Ani. Feed Sci. Techn. 1986; 16, 187-94.

CHM Smits and G Annison. Non-starch plant polysaccharides in broiler nutrition - towards a physiologically valid approach to their determination. World’s Poult. Sci. J. 1996; 52, 203-11.

H Jorgensen, X Zhao, KE Bach Knudsen and B Eggum. The influence of dietary fibre source and level on the development of the gastrointestinal tract, digestibility and energy metabolism in broiler chickens. Br. J. Nutr. 1996; 75, 379-95.

PJ Van der Aar, GC Fahey, SC Ricke, SE Allen and LL Berger. Effects of dietary fibers on mineral status of chicks. J. Nutr. 1983; 113, 653-61.

NN Htin. 2006, Effect of Dietary of Fatty Acid Saturation on Broiler Chickens Subjected to High Ambient Temperatures, Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Putra, Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.

RK Selvaraj and MR Purushothaman. Nutritive value of full-fat sunflower seeds in broiler diets. Poultry Sci. 2004; 83, 441-6.

A Mujahid, M Asif, I ul Haq, M Abdullah and AH Gilani. Nutrient digestibility of broiler feeds containing different levels of variously processed rice bran stored for different periods. Poultry Sci. 2003; 82, 1438-43.

HS Khin. 2004, Evaluation of Solid State Fermentation by Aspergillus niger to Improve the Nutritive Value of Palm Kernel Cake for Broilers. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Putra, Malaysia.

Mirnawati, Y Rizal, Y Marlida and IP Kompiang. The role of Humic acid in palm kernel meal fermented by Aspergillus niger for poultry ration. Pakistan J. Nurti. 2010; 9, 182-5.

C Chinajariyawong and N Muangkeow. Carcass traits and visceral organs of broiler chickens fed palm kernel meal or Aspergillus wentii TISTR 3075 fermented palm kernel meal. Walailak J. Sci. & Tech. 2011; 8,175-85.

Downloads

Published

2013-03-14

How to Cite

MUANGKEOW, N., & CHINAJARIYAWONG, C. (2013). Diets Containing Fermented Palm Kernel Meal with Aspergillus wentii TISTR 3075 on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Broiler Chickens. Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST), 10(2), 131–147. Retrieved from https://wjst.wu.ac.th/index.php/wjst/article/view/440

Issue

Section

Research Article