Development of Tamarind Seed Gum as Dry Binder in Formulation of Diclofenac Sodium Tablets

Kampanart HUANBUTTA; Tanikan SANGMIN; Wancheng SITTIKIJYOTHIN

Authors

Kampanart HUANBUTTA Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-153X
Tanikan SANGMIN Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom 73000
Wancheng SITTIKIJYOTHIN Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131

Keywords:

Tamarind seed gum, dry binder, tablets, diclofenac sodium, carboxy-methylation

Abstract

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica Linn.) is tropical plant, which is generally found and planted in Thailand. The application of tamarind seed gum can raise the value of tamarind and minimize industrial waste. Tamarind seed gum powder offers a high viscosity solution. Therefore, researchers are interested in developing tamarind seed gum as a binder in the formulation of diclofenac sodium tablet, prepared by the dry granulation method. Physicochemical characterization results show that the carboxymethylation process can add a carboxymethyl group to the chemical structure of crude gum. The success of chemical modification was confirmed by Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) result. A powder X-ray diffractogram expressed that the gum in, the crude and modified forms, were in amorphous form. The melting point, solubility properties, and viscosity of the polymer solution increased after the chemical structure modification. However, the disintegration time of the tablet made of the modified gum was too long. Consequently, an appropriate amount of gum powder (40 - 70 mg/tablet) was optimized. The result found that hardness of the tablet did not depend on the gum amount. Increasing the portion of the gum in the formulation retarded disintegration time and drug dissolution. The proper amount of the modified gum in the formulation was 60 mg (7.61 % w/w). The hardness of the tablet was 61 N, with 1.99 % of tablet friability. Disintegration time was less than 15 min, and drug release reached 76 % in 20 min.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

J Mužíková, Š Hávová, P Ondrejček, A Komersová and V Lochař. A study of tablets with a co-processed dry binder containing hypromellose and a-lactose monohydrate. J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Tech. 2014; 24, 100-4.

T Osmałek, A Froelich and S Tasarek. Application of gellan gum in pharmacy and medicine. Int. J. Pharm. 2014; 466, 328-40.

G Rajput, IP Pandey and G Joshi. Carboxymethylation of Cassia angustifolia seed gum: Synthesis and rheological study. Carbohyd. Polym. 2015; 117, 494-500.

SH Hosseini-Parvar, L Matia-Merino and M Golding. Effect of basil seed gum (BSG) on textural, rheological and microstructural properties of model processed cheese. Food Hydrocolloid 2015; 43, 557-67.

SMA Razavi, SW Cui, Q Guo and H Ding. Some physicochemical properties of sage (Salvia macrosiphon) seed gum. Food Hydrocolloid 2014; 35, 453-62.

KPY Shak and TY Wu. Coagulation-flocculation treatment of high-strength agro-industrial wastewater using natural Cassia obtusifolia seed gum: Treatment efficiencies and flocs characterization. Chem. Eng. J. 2014; 256, 293-305.

YS Rao and KM Mathew. Handbook of Herbs and Spices. In: KV Peter (ed.). Tamarind. 2nd ed. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, 2012, p. 512-33.

VK Murty, TVP Rao and V Venkateswarlu. Chemical examination of Cassia fistula. Tetrahedron 1967; 23, 515-8.

BR Sharma, V Kumar and PL Soni. Carbamoylethylation of Cassia tora gum. Carbohyd. Polym. 2003; 54, 143-7.

P Goyal, V Kumar and P Sharma. Carboxymethylation of Tamarind kernel powder. Carbohyd. Polym. 2007; 69, 251-5.

United States Pharmacopeial Convention. United States Pharmacopeia. Vol. 31. United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Maryland, 2006, p. 1-909.

J Chen and J Jane. Effectiveness of granular cold-water-soluble starch as a controlled-release matrix. Cereal Chem. 1995; 72, 265-8.

H Gong, M Liu, J Chen, F Han, C Gao and B Zhang. Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl guar gum and rheological properties of its solutions. Carbohyd. Polym. 2012; 88, 1015-22.

RS Banegas, CF Zornio, AMG Borges, LC Porto and V Soldi. Preparation, characterization and properties of films obtained from cross-linked guar gum. Polímeros 2013; 23, 182-8.

M Yadav, A Srivastav, SK Verma and K Behari. Graft (partially carboxymethylated guar gum-g-poly vinyl sulfonic acid) copolymer: From synthesis to applications. Carbohyd. Polym. 2013; 97, 597-603.

R Singh, S Maity and B Sa. Effect of ionic crosslink on the release of metronidazole from partially carboxymethylated guar gum tablet. Carbohyd. Polym. 2014; 106, 414-21.

RL Carr. Evaluating flow properties of solids. Chem. Eng. 1965; 72, 69-72.

D Das, S Jha and KJ Kumar. Effect of carboxymethylation on physicochemical and release characteristics of Indian Palo starch. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2015; 77, 181-7.

K Khounvilay and W Sittikijyothin. Rheological behaviour of tamarind seed gum in aqueous solutions. Food Hydrocolloid 2012; 26, 334-8.

M Ahuja, S Singh and A Kumar. Evaluation of carboxymethyl gellan gum as a mucoadhesive polymer. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2013; 53, 114-21.

B Ponnikornkit, C Ngamsalak, K Huanbutta and W Sittikijyothin. Swelling behaviour of carboxymethylated tamarind gum. Adv. Mater. Res. 2015; 1060, 137-40.

SR Pygall, S Kujawinski, P Timmins and CD Melia. Mechanisms of drug release in citrate buffered HPMC matrices. Int. J. Pharm. 2009; 370, 110-20.