Analytical Test of Water-Extract from Fermented Ground Maize as an Alternative Base for Engine Coolants

Taofeek Ayotunde YUSUF; Bukola Olalekan BOLAJI; Salami Olasunkanmi ISMAILA

Authors

Taofeek Ayotunde YUSUF Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State
Bukola Olalekan BOLAJI Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, Federal University, Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State
Salami Olasunkanmi ISMAILA Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State

Keywords:

Water-extract, fermented maize, glycols, engine coolant, corrosion

Abstract

Existing water-based engine coolants (WBEC) are produced by adding corrosion inhibitors (CI) and anti-freezing agents (AFA) to de-ionized water. Water is first deionized to remove corrosion factors (CF) before the additives are introduced. This study seeks to determine whether water-extract from fermented ground maize (WEFGM) can be a better alternative to water for the production of WBEC, on account of the additives. WEFGM was analyzed for CI, CF and AFA. Two samples of WEFGM, decanted from kewesoke (white) and western yellow varieties of maize, were used. In the analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry and other methods were used for CF; colorimetric methods using a spectrophotometer was used for CI, and gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC/FID) was used for AFA. The result for CF in the 2 samples, respectively, revealed pH values of 2.82 and 2.67, conductivity of 1941 and 1786 µs/cm, Pb of 0.06 and 0.05 mg/L, and Zn of 0.74 and 0.89 mg/L. CI found were 12.25 and 22.51 mg/L of phosphates and 5.00 and 6.00 mg/L of nitrates, while AFA obtained were 5.29 and 2.38 mg/L of ethylene glycols and 4.74 and 2.15 mg/L of propylene glycols from the 2 samples, respectively. There was no significant difference in these properties for the two samples (P < 0.05). The detection of CI and AFA in WEFGM prospectively makes it a more cost-saving base fluid for WBEC than water.

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